V Deep Analytical Report

Visa Inc. | Category: Equity Mega Cap | Ann. Div Yield: 0.84% ($2.52) | Last Updated: 2026-03-24 | Data Range: 2008-03-01 → 2026-03-01 (217 months)
Quick Overview
Timeframe C-C DoR σ
(Historical)
H-L DoR σ
(Historical)
O-C DoR σ
(Historical)
5Y ATRP
(Avg)
Binomial IV
(Period)
Yahoo IV
(Period)
1σ Lower
(68.27%)
1σ Upper 2σ Lower
(95.45%)
2σ Upper
Daily 1.79% 1.63% 1.53% 1.94% 1.69% 1.84% 301.06 311.44 296.00 316.76
Weekly 3.66% 3.85% 3.59% 4.54% 3.73% 4.06% 295.00 317.84 284.20 329.92
Monthly 6.39% 7.20% 6.31% 9.51% 7.76% 8.45% 283.33 330.92 262.17 357.64
Quarterly 9.60% 11.60% 9.92% 14.88% 13.45% 14.64% 267.68 350.27 234.00 400.68
Annual 26.89% 29.29% 234.00 400.68 178.83 524.32
Option Time Horizon 10.15% 11.05% 276.65 338.92 249.95 375.13
Calculation Notes: Computed at 2026-03-23T16:43 UTC  |  Reference Contract: Call option expiring 2026-05-15 (52 days)  |  Spot Price (S): $306.20  |  Strike (K): $310.00 (first OTM call ≥ spot)  |  Observed Mid-Price: $11.3000 (Bid $10.6000 / Ask $12.0000)  |  Risk-Free Rate (r): 3.73% (1-Month CMT, US Treasury)  |  Dividend Yield (q): 0.84%  |  Binomial IV (Annual): 26.89% (CRR binomial tree, American, n=20 steps)  |  BS IV: 27.08% (European Black-Scholes)  |  Yahoo IV (Annual): 29.29% → period-scaled as σperiod = σannual·√h  |  Price bands: Upper = S·e+σ√h, Lower = S·e−σ√h
Historical Dividend Payouts
Ex-Dividend Date Amount
2026-02-10 $0.6700
2025-11-12 $0.6700
2025-08-12 $0.5900
2025-05-13 $0.5900
2025-02-11 $0.5900
2024-11-12 $0.5900
2024-08-09 $0.5200
2024-05-16 $0.5200
2024-02-08 $0.5200
2023-11-08 $0.5200
2023-08-10 $0.4500
2023-05-11 $0.4500
2023-02-09 $0.4500
2022-11-09 $0.4500
2022-08-11 $0.3750
2022-05-12 $0.3750
2022-02-10 $0.3750
2021-11-10 $0.3750
2021-08-12 $0.3200
2021-05-13 $0.3200
2021-02-11 $0.3200
2020-11-12 $0.3200
2020-08-13 $0.3000
2020-05-13 $0.3000
2020-02-13 $0.3000
2019-11-14 $0.3000
2019-08-15 $0.2500
2019-05-16 $0.2500
2019-02-14 $0.2500
2018-11-15 $0.2500
2018-08-16 $0.2100
2018-05-17 $0.2100
2018-02-15 $0.2100
2017-11-16 $0.1950
2017-08-16 $0.1650
2017-05-17 $0.1650
2017-02-15 $0.1650
2016-11-16 $0.1650
2016-08-17 $0.1400
2016-05-11 $0.1400
2016-02-17 $0.1400
2015-11-10 $0.1400
2015-08-12 $0.1200
2015-05-13 $0.1200
2015-02-11 $0.1200
2014-11-12 $0.1200
2014-08-13 $0.1000
2014-05-14 $0.1000
2014-02-12 $0.1000
2013-11-13 $0.1000
2013-08-14 $0.0825
2013-05-15 $0.0825
2013-02-13 $0.0825
2012-11-14 $0.0825
2012-08-15 $0.0550
2012-05-16 $0.0550
2012-02-15 $0.0550
2011-11-16 $0.0550
2011-08-17 $0.0375
2011-05-18 $0.0375
2011-02-09 $0.0375
2010-11-17 $0.0375
2010-08-11 $0.0312
2010-05-12 $0.0312
2010-02-10 $0.0312
2009-11-12 $0.0312
2009-08-12 $0.0262
2009-05-13 $0.0262
2009-02-11 $0.0262
2008-11-12 $0.0262
2008-08-13 $0.0262
Close-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Fairly Symmetrical with a Skewness factor of 0.28. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 9.38 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -5.29%300.66%0.66%
-5.29% to -3.95%571.26%1.92%
-3.95% to -2.60%1413.11%5.03%
-2.60% to -1.26%46410.24%15.28%
-1.26% to 0.09%152633.69%48.96%
0.09% to 1.43%164836.38%85.34%
1.43% to 2.78%46410.24%95.58%
2.78% to 4.12%1082.38%97.97%
4.12% to 5.47%491.08%99.05%
Greater than 5.47%430.95%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -1.71%1.88% 80.40%68.27%
±2σ -3.50%3.67% 94.75%95.45%
±3σ -5.29%5.47% 98.39%99.73%
High-to-Low Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Highly Right Skewed (Extreme Positive Tail Risk) with a Skewness factor of 3.94. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 26.63 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -2.81%00.00%0.00%
-2.81% to -1.59%00.00%0.00%
-1.59% to -0.37%00.00%0.00%
-0.37% to 0.86%3688.12%8.12%
0.86% to 2.08%266958.91%67.03%
2.08% to 3.31%94020.75%87.77%
3.31% to 4.53%2736.03%93.80%
4.53% to 5.75%1322.91%96.71%
5.75% to 6.98%591.30%98.01%
Greater than 6.98%901.99%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ 0.45%3.71% 90.60%68.27%
±2σ -1.18%5.34% 96.12%95.45%
±3σ -2.81%6.98% 98.01%99.73%
Open-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Fairly Symmetrical with a Skewness factor of 0.29. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 9.50 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -4.61%390.86%0.86%
-4.61% to -3.47%370.82%1.68%
-3.47% to -2.32%1092.41%4.08%
-2.32% to -1.17%50711.19%15.27%
-1.17% to -0.02%164736.35%51.62%
-0.02% to 1.12%148932.86%84.48%
1.12% to 2.27%46710.31%94.79%
2.27% to 3.42%1443.18%97.97%
3.42% to 4.57%541.19%99.16%
Greater than 4.57%380.84%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -1.55%1.51% 80.14%68.27%
±2σ -3.08%3.04% 95.17%95.45%
±3σ -4.61%4.57% 98.30%99.73%
Close-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Fairly Symmetrical with a Skewness factor of 0.31. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 4.67 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -10.59%90.96%0.96%
-10.59% to -7.84%131.38%2.34%
-7.84% to -5.09%282.98%5.32%
-5.09% to -2.35%11211.93%17.25%
-2.35% to 0.40%28430.24%47.50%
0.40% to 3.15%34536.74%84.24%
3.15% to 5.90%10611.29%95.53%
5.90% to 8.64%272.88%98.40%
8.64% to 11.39%40.43%98.83%
Greater than 11.39%111.17%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -3.26%4.06% 78.17%68.27%
±2σ -6.92%7.73% 94.46%95.45%
±3σ -10.59%11.39% 97.87%99.73%
High-to-Low Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Highly Right Skewed (Extreme Positive Tail Risk) with a Skewness factor of 2.62. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 9.00 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -6.27%00.00%0.00%
-6.27% to -3.38%00.00%0.00%
-3.38% to -0.50%00.00%0.00%
-0.50% to 2.38%12713.51%13.51%
2.38% to 5.27%49352.45%65.96%
5.27% to 8.15%18920.11%86.06%
8.15% to 11.03%677.13%93.19%
11.03% to 13.92%303.19%96.38%
13.92% to 16.80%70.74%97.13%
Greater than 16.80%272.87%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ 1.42%9.11% 88.72%68.27%
±2σ -2.42%12.96% 95.64%95.45%
±3σ -6.27%16.80% 97.13%99.73%
Open-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Right Skewed (Positive Asymmetry) with a Skewness factor of 0.68. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 4.69 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -10.96%90.96%0.96%
-10.96% to -8.26%40.43%1.38%
-8.26% to -5.57%262.77%4.15%
-5.57% to -2.88%10711.38%15.53%
-2.88% to -0.18%37740.11%55.64%
-0.18% to 2.51%26628.30%83.94%
2.51% to 5.21%9510.11%94.04%
5.21% to 7.90%272.87%96.91%
7.90% to 10.59%171.81%98.72%
Greater than 10.59%121.28%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -3.77%3.41% 79.36%68.27%
±2σ -7.37%7.00% 94.68%95.45%
±3σ -10.96%10.59% 97.77%99.73%
Close-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Fairly Symmetrical with a Skewness factor of 0.34. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 2.93 proves the distribution possesses Fat Tails (Higher Outlier Risk).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -17.54%20.93%0.93%
-17.54% to -12.74%00.00%0.93%
-12.74% to -7.95%115.09%6.02%
-7.95% to -3.15%3315.28%21.30%
-3.15% to 1.65%5826.85%48.15%
1.65% to 6.44%7233.33%81.48%
6.44% to 11.24%2913.43%94.91%
11.24% to 16.04%83.70%98.61%
16.04% to 20.83%20.93%99.54%
Greater than 20.83%10.46%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -4.75%8.04% 72.22%68.27%
±2σ -11.14%14.44% 95.37%95.45%
±3σ -17.54%20.83% 98.61%99.73%
High-to-Low Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Highly Right Skewed (Extreme Positive Tail Risk) with a Skewness factor of 2.25. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 6.29 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -10.19%00.00%0.00%
-10.19% to -4.79%00.00%0.00%
-4.79% to 0.61%00.00%0.00%
0.61% to 6.01%4018.43%18.43%
6.01% to 11.41%10046.08%64.52%
11.41% to 16.81%4319.82%84.33%
16.81% to 22.21%198.76%93.09%
22.21% to 27.61%83.69%96.77%
27.61% to 33.01%00.00%96.77%
Greater than 33.01%73.23%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ 4.21%18.61% 86.64%68.27%
±2σ -2.99%25.81% 95.85%95.45%
±3σ -10.19%33.01% 96.77%99.73%
Open-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Right Skewed (Positive Asymmetry) with a Skewness factor of 0.55. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 2.53 proves the distribution possesses Fat Tails (Higher Outlier Risk).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -19.96%10.46%0.46%
-19.96% to -15.23%10.46%0.92%
-15.23% to -10.50%73.23%4.15%
-10.50% to -5.77%3315.21%19.35%
-5.77% to -1.04%7835.94%55.30%
-1.04% to 3.69%5525.35%80.65%
3.69% to 8.43%2812.90%93.55%
8.43% to 13.16%104.61%98.16%
13.16% to 17.89%20.92%99.08%
Greater than 17.89%20.92%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -7.35%5.27% 73.73%68.27%
±2σ -13.66%11.58% 96.31%95.45%
±3σ -19.96%17.89% 98.62%99.73%
Close-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Fairly Symmetrical with a Skewness factor of -0.23. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 1.05 proves the distribution possesses Fat Tails (Higher Outlier Risk).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -24.36%00.00%0.00%
-24.36% to -17.16%22.78%2.78%
-17.16% to -9.96%56.94%9.72%
-9.96% to -2.77%68.33%18.06%
-2.77% to 4.43%2129.17%47.22%
4.43% to 11.63%2636.11%83.33%
11.63% to 18.83%811.11%94.44%
18.83% to 26.02%34.17%98.61%
26.02% to 33.22%11.39%100.00%
Greater than 33.22%00.00%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -5.16%14.03% 72.22%68.27%
±2σ -14.76%23.63% 95.83%95.45%
±3σ -24.36%33.22% 100.00%99.73%
High-to-Low Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Highly Right Skewed (Extreme Positive Tail Risk) with a Skewness factor of 2.69. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 9.23 proves the distribution possesses Extreme Fat Tails (Frequent Outliers, Leptokurtic).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -14.26%00.00%0.00%
-14.26% to -5.55%00.00%0.00%
-5.55% to 3.15%00.00%0.00%
3.15% to 11.85%1013.70%13.70%
11.85% to 20.55%3852.05%65.75%
20.55% to 29.25%1723.29%89.04%
29.25% to 37.96%34.11%93.15%
37.96% to 46.66%22.74%95.89%
46.66% to 55.36%11.37%97.26%
Greater than 55.36%22.74%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ 8.95%32.16% 86.30%68.27%
±2σ -2.65%43.76% 94.52%95.45%
±3σ -14.26%55.36% 97.26%99.73%
Open-to-Close Returns
Gram-Charlier Analysis: Data reveals Right Skewed (Positive Asymmetry) with a Skewness factor of 0.80. Further, an Excess Kurtosis of 2.42 proves the distribution possesses Fat Tails (Higher Outlier Risk).
Bin Distribution Over Raw Range
Bin / RangeFrequencyProbCum. Prob
Less than -33.21%00.00%0.00%
-33.21% to -25.77%11.37%1.37%
-25.77% to -18.33%11.37%2.74%
-18.33% to -10.90%912.33%15.07%
-10.90% to -3.46%2939.73%54.79%
-3.46% to 3.98%2128.77%83.56%
3.98% to 11.41%56.85%90.41%
11.41% to 18.85%56.85%97.26%
18.85% to 26.29%11.37%98.63%
Greater than 26.29%11.37%100.00%
Standard Deviation Interval Analysis
SDLower BndUpper Bnd Actual %Normal %
±1σ -13.38%6.46% 76.71%68.27%
±2σ -23.29%16.37% 94.52%95.45%
±3σ -33.21%26.29% 98.63%99.73%